Claustrophobia free essay sample

The Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments of a Popular Phobia Phobias have been a common part of the world since the beginning of time. As most people know, a phobia is â€Å"a special form of fear which†¦ cannot be explained or reasoned away [and] is beyond voluntary control† (Marks 3). There are hundreds upon thousands of phobias in the world. However, one of the most common phobias is called claustrophobia. As most know and Ronald Doctor explains, â€Å"Claustrophobia is the fear of closed places, such as closets, subways, tunnels, telephone booths, elevators, small rooms, crowds, or other enclosed or confined spaces† (104). Claustrophobia has known symptoms, causes, and treatments. Claustrophobia has known symptoms. Psychologists have found some common and some specific symptoms that go along with claustrophobia and its victims: If a person suffering from claustrophobia suddenly finds themselves in an enclosed space, they may have an anxiety attack. Symptoms can include: Sweating, accelerated heart rate, hyperventilation†¦ shaking, light-headedness, nausea, fainting, [and] fear of actual harm or illness (Better Health). The common symptoms of claustrophobia are the same symptoms that one would get in the event of an anxiety attack. Nevertheless, there are also specific symptoms that go along with stronger claustrophobics. For example, if a claustrophobic person were to go into a room that is small or a little too crowded, he or she would recognize his or her exits and stand near them just in case an escape would be needed. The claustrophobic may avoid times of the day when there is a lot of traffic so that he or she does not get surrounded by all the vehicles. If he or she goes into a building that has the choice of stairs and an elevator, he or she would avoid the small space of the elevator, no matter how many stairs he or she would have to go up. Claustrophobics just really cannot stand small amounts of space in general; it is too frightening for them. There are not too many symptoms of Claustrophobia itself, but there are enough to tell whether or not a person has it. Not only have psychologists found out the symptoms of claustrophobia, but they have also figured out some of the possible causes. Claustrophobia has known causes. Psychologists have found some possible causes for those who have this unfortunate phobia. However, everyone is different, so it may vary. The following are some of the more common causes of claustrophobia that they have found in people: Environmental and biological factors may both be involved. Some people are born with a personality style that may lend itself to the person becoming claustrophobic. Others may learn a cautious style depending on experiences they have, the way others react to them, or the behaviors they see in their parents and others. Biological and chemical processes in the brain may also play a part. (Berger). The causes for this phobia are unique to each of those who are cursed with it. Everyone’s brains are different, so everyone will have picked up this phobia in different ways. Some learn it from their parents, while others have come by it by being locked in their room for being a bad child; it’s barely the same. There are, however, some treatments that people can indulge in to help them get over their fear of enclosed spaces. Treatments for claustrophobia are now available to the public. Scientists have found different remedies to help people come to terms with their claustrophobia and learn how to overcome it. Some of the treatments do not even involve medications. The list of treatments are as follows: flooding, counter-conditioning, modeling, cognitive behavior therapy, and, of course, medications. The first, flooding, is when the claustrophobic person is exposed to their fear until their anxiety passes. Once they realize that they were unharmed, their phobia will sometimes go away. The second treatment, counter-conditioning, is what the claustrophobic does when he or she is too scared to try flooding. This is a technique where â€Å"the person is taught to use specific relaxation and visualization techniques when experiencing phobia-related anxiety. The phobic trigger is slowly introduced, step-by-step, while the person concentrates on attaining physical and mental relaxation (Better Health). † The result for this is the same as flooding. The third treatment is modeling, which is when the person watches other people defeat their fears and they have a want to imitate the brave behavior of the other people. The fourth, or cognitive behavior therapy, is a way of teaching the claustrophobic different ways to think and also a way to change the attitudes that make them feel the fear of enclosed spaces. Last, but not least, is the use of medications. The more common medications that are used are tranquilizers, anti depressants, and beta-blockers of most any kind. It seems that most people would choose the easy route of medications, but medications can become addictive. So, it is always good to have a few alternative methods to curing phobias. Claustrophobia may be a deep-rooted fear, but it can be overcome with the correct help. Claustrophobia is common and annoying, but, because of what psychologists have learned about it, people are more aware of where it comes from and how to make it go away. Those who have claustrophobia can now begin trying to defeat their fear of enclosed spaces. They can get out into the world and enjoy the company of others, even when enclosed in a space that seems a little too small or crowded. They can discover what the cause of their fear is and then how to treat that fear with the correct method for them. If they are having troubles getting over the fear, they can always go to the doctor and inquire about getting some help from medications. Also, learning that they are not the only people in the world who experience extreme fear can help them cope with their own phobia. The symptoms, causes, and treatments for claustrophobia have been discovered and spread throughout the world.

Different Types of Antennas-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Provide an Opinion regarding which antenna types will become the dominant players in the future of medium- and long-distance wireless links. 2.Compare and Contrast the multiplexing techniques CDMA and FDMA in the area of wireless networking? 3.A local engineering group ask you to present your finding of the most recent advanced wireless technologies. Research these technologies in details and pay specific attention to how they are used as well their strengths and weakness. Answers: 1.Different antenna, such as yagi, horn, and cellular antennas, etc. has different merits. Research these technologies in details and pay specific attention to how they are used as well their strengths and weakness. Provide an opinion regarding which antenna types will become the dominant players in the future of medium- and long-distance wireless links. Antennas can be defined as the main segments of any electrical circuit as they give interconnecting joins amongst transmitter as well as free space or among the free space and recipient. The various types of antennas are discussed as following: Yagi Antennas - Yagi antennas are economical as well as viable. It can be built with at least one reflector components and at least one component. Yagi reception could be made by utilizing one reflector, a determined collapsed dipole dynamic component, and the mounted horizontal polarization in the forward methodology. A single driven component i.e dipole, proliferates RF vitality; components that are placed instantly before and behind the determined component re-transmit RF energy in as well as out of phase by upgrading and impeding the flag, individually. The components are known as parasitic components; the component behind the determined component is known as the reflector, while the components before the determined component are called executives. These antennas have beam widths of 30 to 80 degrees and also can give well in abundance of 10 dBi inactive gain. This is powerful antenna that points in one direction. But in case, we need signal in other direction, we can use more yag i antennas. (Agarwal, T., 2015). Horn Antennas - These antennas falls in microwave category. These antennas are appropriate for frequencies in which waveguides are the standard support strategy, as they comprise of a waveguide whose walls are flared outside to frame a structure of megaphone. These antennas are widely utilized at microwave frequencies when there is moderate requirement of power. It is moderately used. The best examples are delivered by making the horn length huge as compared with the gap width, yet this must be picked as an exchange with the general volume possessed. A typical utilization of horn antenna is as the sustain component for explanatory dish reception tool in satellite frameworks. (Ingale, C. Ingale, T., 2008). Cellular Antennas - Cellular antennas could be utilized as a part of conjunction with a controlled flag sponsor, like inline amplifier or repeater or associated specifically to the wireless device with a mobile phone connector link or coax connector. The reception of cell signal is adversely influenced by many elements that includes blocks like structures, vehicles, slopes or trees and also separate from the phone tower. Utilizing a mobile phone radio wire can decrease issues with dropped calls and blurs the signal while enhancing range of service, voice quality and access. Putting a radio wire on the rooftop keeps the dividers and siding from constricting phone signal and limits the impact of different hindrances in cell tower. Eg: In a vehicle, up to 90% of the phone signal is hindered by the vehicle edge and its glass. A mobile phone receiving wire mounted on the external surface of the vehicle extraordinarily expands the phone signal. (WPSantennas cellular reception solutions, 20 17). 2.CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access transmits over the whole recurrence go accessible. It doesn't allot a particular recurrence to every client on the communication network. This technique, called multiplexing. (Christensson, P., 2006). CDMA utilizes analog to digital transformation (ADC) by combining with its spread spectrum. It digitize its audio input in binary components. The recurrence of the transmitted signal varies so it can be caught just by a collector whose recurrence reaction is modified with a similar code, so it takes after precisely alongside the transmitter recurrence. There possibilities are trillion of frequency sequencing that upgrades security and makes cloning troublesome. The CDMA channel is ostensibly 1.23 MHz wide. CDMA systems utilize a plan is also known as delicate handoff, which limits signal separation as a handset goes starting with one cell then onto the next. Combination of advanced and spread-range modes underpins various number of signs per unit data transfer capacity as analog modes. CDMA is good with other cell innovations; this takes into consideration across the nation roaming. (Rouse, M., 2015). FDMA - FDMA partitions the mutual medium transfer speed into singular channels. The modulated subcarriers transmit each sub channel. For example - cable network system. It uses single coax cable that communicate many channels of video or audio programming to homes. The persuade link has a valuable data transfer capacity from around 4 MHz to 1 GHz. This data transfer capacity is divided into 6-MHz wide channels. This method is utilized as a part of fiber optic communication frameworks. A fiber optic link has huge transmission capacity that can be subdivided to give FDMA. Unique aviation telemetry frameworks utilized a FDMA framework to oblige numerous sensor information on a solitary radio station. (Frenzel, L., 2013). 3.The accepting and transmitting reception antenna with the mediating medium play out the capacity of the transmission line in wire communication framework. Communication in long distance in the high recurrence area depends on the impression of the radio waves from the ionosphere. The aftereffect of this can be transmission or its reception from a few to numerous degree over the horizon that is contingent upon the distance amongst stations and stature of the reflecting layer. At the point when a reception tool emanates more emphatically in some direction, it is said to have directivity. The more the radiation is gathered in a specific heading, the more noteworthy will be the field quality created toward that path for given measure of aggregate power emanated. Waves that are transmitted from the radio wire at angle that is made above the horizontal point. This angle is then reflected by the earth and consolidate with, or meddle with the immediate waves that are emanated at points over the horizontal. The resultant vertical radiation design is controlled by the impedance which relies on the introduction of radio wire as for earth, the stature of the antenna, the character of ground and course properties of real antenna. (High frequence antennas., n.d). Drawbacks The main drawbacks of antennas are its reliability and interference in its signal. It is susceptible in broadcasting over long distances. In these devices, the occurrence of co-channel is more. (Naval postgraduate school, 2003). References Agarwal, T. (2015). Heres a Quick Way to Know about Different Types of Antennas. Retrieved from - https://www.elprocus.com/different-types-of-antennas-with-properties-and-thier-working/ Cell Phone Antennas. WPSantennas cellular reception solutions (2017). Retrieved from - https://www.wpsantennas.com/cell-phone-antennas.aspx Christensson, P. (2006). CDMA Definition. Retrieved from - https://techterms.com. Frenzel, L. (2013). Fundamentals of Communications Access Technologies: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, OFDMA, AND SDMA. Retrieved from - https://www.electronicdesign.com/communications/fundamentals-communications-access-technologies-fdma-tdma-cdma-ofdma-and-sdma#%E2%80%9DFCMA%E2%80%9D HF and Lower Frequency Radiation - Introduction. Naval postgraduate school (2003). Retrieved from - https://www.met.nps.edu/~psguest/EMEO_online/module3/module_3_1.html High frequence antennas. Retrieved from - https://collinsradio.org/archives/ssb_fundamentals/Fundamentals_of_Single_Side_Band_Chap_09.pdf Ingale, C. Ingale, T. (2008). Study of Different Types of Microwave Antenna and Its Applications. International Journal of Computer Technology and Electronics Engineering (IJCTEE) Volume 3, Special Issue, March-April 2013. Retrieved from - https://www.ijctee.org/NSPIRE2013/IJCTEE_0313_Special_Issue_25.pdf Rouse, M. (2015). CDMA (Code-Division Multiple Access). Retrieved from - https://searchtelecom.techtarget.com/definition/CDMA

Analyse how Frayn presents relationships between adults and children in Spies Essay Example

Analyse how Frayn presents relationships between adults and children in Spies Essay Example Analyse how Frayn presents relationships between adults and children in Spies Essay Analyse how Frayn presents relationships between adults and children in Spies Essay Known, he is known to be in the RAF but his exact whereabouts are unknown to the reader. Stephen catches Mrs. Hayward in the tunnel which commences the gradual uncovering of her secret. When Mr. Hayward is looking for the thermos flask, he at once suspects Keith took it and gives him an ultimatum of either giving back the thermos flask or be given beatings from him. Stephen rushes towards the tunnel and inadvertently bumps into Mrs. Hayward. She responds angrily to Stephen- why are you doing this (pg. 147), but he keeps on repeating the word Thermos. The communication gulf is epitomised through this encounter as Stephen struggles to make out a sentence but still makes Mrs. Hayward understand him. Stephen will not disobey Keith as he is the true comrade and would rather die than go against his chiefs wishes. His attitude relates back to the oath he was forced to say by Keith. As readers, we can see the absurdity of a statement such as Greens the right colour for a bicycle, just as its wrong one for a belt or a bus (pg.17).Clearly, what makes something right or wrong here is simply whether Keith or Stephen do it. We recognise and empathise with the childhood insecurity in Stephen that enables Keith to impose his own Rightness. Paradoxically, he is reluctant to do what Mrs. Hayward and Uncle Peter ask of him. This again expressively highlights the subservience of Stephen and indicates he only follows those who dominate him physically and intellectually (Keith).No adult will dominate a young innocent boy like Stephen. Furthermore, we can see the gradual metamorphosis of Stephen to an adult at the ending of the novel when Stephen decides to take rations to the man (Uncle Peter) living in the barns under the corrugated iron. His behaviour contrasts with the banging on the iron with sticks which we see earlier in the book. Stephen shows his ever-growing manhood as even though the man is sick and hidden and could not compel Stephen physically, Stephen is incapable of ignoring his innate authority as an adult. It also emphasises the fact that Spies is a bildungsroman as it shows the development in maturity of the protagonist Stephen.

Hans Christian Andersen Biography

Hans Christian Andersen Biography Hans Christian Andersen was a famous Danish writer, known for his fairy tales, as well as other works. Birth and Education Hans Christian Andersen was born in the slums of Odense. His father was a cobbler (shoemaker) and his mother worked as a washerwoman. His mother was also uneducated and superstitious. Andersen received very little education, but his fascination with fairy tales inspired him to compose his own stories and arrange puppet shows, on a theater his father had taught him to build and manage. Even with his imagination, and the stories his father told him, Andersen did not have a happy childhood. Hans Christian Andersen Death: Andersen died in his home in Rolighed on August 4, 1875. Hans Christian Andersen Career: His father died when Andersen was 11 (in 1816). Andersen was forced to go to work, first as an apprentice to a weaver and tailor and then in a tobacco factory. At the age of 14, he moved to Copenhagen to try a career as a singer, dancer and actor. Even with the support of benefactors, the next three years were difficult. He sang in the boys choir until his voice changed, but he made very little money. He also tried the ballet, but his awkwardness made such a career impossible. Finally, when he was 17, Chancellor Jonas Collin discovered Andersen. Collin was a director at the Royal Theater. After hearing the Andersen read a play, Collin realized that he had talent. Collin procured money from the king for Andersens education, first sending him to a terrible, taunting teacher, then arranging a private tutor. In 1828, Andersen passed the entrance examinations to the university in Copenhagen. His writings were first published in 1829. And, in 1833, he received grant money for travel, which he used to visit Germany, France, Switzerland, and Italy. During his journey, he met Victor Hugo, Heinrich Heine, Balzac, and Alexandre Dumas. In 1835, Andersen published Fairy Tales for Children, which contained four short stories. He eventually wrote 168 fairy tales. Among Andersens best known fairy tales are Emperors New Clothes, Little Ugly Duckling, The Tinderbox, Little Claus and Big Claus, Princess and the Pea, The Snow Queen, The Little Mermaid, The Nightingale, The Story of a Mother and The Swineherd.In 1847, Andersen met Charles Dickens. In 1853, he dedicated A Poets Day Dreams to Dickens. Andersons work influenced Dickens, along with other writers like William Thackeray and Oscar Wilde.

Major Trading Partners, Demographics, and System of Governance between Annotated Bibliography

Major Trading Partners, Demographics, and System of Governance between the US and Canada - Annotated Bibliography Example By the end of 2009, the US government had exported about $1.6 trillion worth of goods and services to ten major trading partners of the world. The main exports from the US are capital goods which account for over 49% of the total exports. Industrial supplies account for about 26% while consumer goods account for 15% of the exports. Agricultural products like cereals account for about 9% of the total exports. The major trading nations that purchase goods and services from the US are, in descending order; Canada, Mexico, China and Japan.   Surprisingly, the US has its greatest importer of goods in its closest neighbor, Canada. Apart from Canada, other world top trading partners of the US are China, Mexico, Japan, Germany, UK, South Korea, France, Taiwan, Netherlands, Brazil, Italy, Singapore, Malaysia, and Ireland. Canada, China, Mexico, Japan, and Germany are the top suppliers of imports to the US. Canada’s top three trading partners cut across many continents. In North America, US is Canada’s main partner while in Asia and the Far East, China is the major trading partner of Canada. Mexico is the major trading partner of Canada from the South American region. The US is Canada’s major trading partner. It affects Canada through trade, tourism, technology, history, and culture. There are distinguishing factors that have made the US stand out as being the lead actor in Canada’s trade operations. These factors are physical, economic, political and social. From 2005 to 2010, the US has remained as the best trading partner with Canada in terms of exporting goods and services. The United Kingdom and Japan complete the number 2 and number 3 slots. For example, in 20005, the export value of the US in Canada was over 368,000 million dollars. These standards have been maintained over the years. The US also remains as the greatest importer of goods of Canadian origin.

Appropriate procedures for terminating a teacher, suspending or Essay

Appropriate procedures for terminating a teacher, suspending or expelling a student, and administering corporal punishment - Essay Example For that reason, it is very important that one understands the appropriate procedures in dealing people's concerns within an educational institution. This may as well stresses ones rights towards just and fair judgment in every situation. A certain disciplinary procedure is used in dealing with teachers cases to ensure that should a particular teacher is alleged for any form of misconduct, he may receive fair and consistent judgment. The current law allows termination of teaching contract due to immorality or inefficiency. It also emphasizes that a certain due-process must be complied in terminating teachers (Ohio Legislative Service Commission, 1997). First and foremost, the teacher's employment record should be considered. Hence preliminary investigation should be done. The booklet "Pastoral Care in Schools: Child Protection, which provides supplementary advices and invokes disciplinary procedures when necessary, should be consulted whenever the issues are related to child protection (deni.gov, 2008). Once investigation is completed, the Disciplinary Authority will decide on the appropriate action. Should it be decided that the case invokes formal procedure; the Disciplinary Authority has to ask for advice from the Employing Authority.

Immigrant Women rights and problems in Canada Essay

Immigrant Women rights and problems in Canada - Essay Example For instance, Middle East and Caribbean regions reports indicate a vastly different lifestyle for women as compared to that of the Canadian women. Additionally, the government in Canada has been on the forefront in the recognition, valuation, expression and enactment of women rights in all sectors of the country’s economy. Canada is known as a country with few original residents than the immigrants, a factor that makes the immigrant women to acquire egalitarianism as that of original citizens. More over, protection of women rights in regard to job market, law, family violence and social has been a forefront objective in the country since the realization of women significance in a cosmopolitan society. Nevertheless, immigrant women in Canada do face some immense problems and challenges that still need suitable measures that would address them. Therefore, Life of women in Canada has experienced drastic shifts in the recent years (Magocsi, 1999). The discussion in this paper is o bjected towards the establishment of Immigrant women rights and problems in Canada. An overview of how women rights as well as gender egalitarianism are valued in Canada will also be provided. It is also found ample to establish the several areas in which women rights have been recognized and enacted in the country, and some problems and challenges facing the arena. The effectiveness of application of these rights is also evaluated to enhance comprehensiveness in understanding of human rights. Human rights value and recognition in Canada Human rights are highly valued in Canada than any other nation in the world. Every rights aspect has been well taken care of to enhance the satisfaction of her citizens despite their multicultural backgrounds. The universal Human rights affirmation by the government and all other entities has played a pivotal role in the building of an extraordinary framework for dealing with human issues. More so, enactment of standards and human rights objectives is made easy, which improves the aspiration of the available institutions, legislation as well as individuals. Women in living and working in the Canadian society are given authority to maintain and protect a position that is respectful in their realms. The signing and establishment of women rights by the Canadian government was meant to facilitate an excellent livelihood for the women in the country (Magocsi, 1999). On the hand, several other parts of the world have been so reluctant in the recognition of human rights and freedom. Torture, intimidation and violence have become the order of the day in some societies in the world. However, this has acquired a distinct take in the Canadian society for it has become a world leader in endorsing and safeguarding women's rights in addition to gender egalitarianism. Working and talking is allowed in all sectors. Sitting and working besides guys in offices and working with them is not a big deal in Canada. It is also evident that women who have immigrated to Canada have also been given full rights due to the emphasis that the